Day :
- day 1
- Biochips & Nucleic Acid Sensors
Types of Biosensors
Chair
Zuzana Bilkova
University of Pardubice, Czech Republic
Co-Chair
Valery Pavlov
Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biomateriales CIC biomaGUNE, Spain
Session Introduction
C Donald Combs
Eastern Virginia Medical School, USA
Title: Data analytics, the digital patient and simulation in healthcare
Time : 10:30 - 11:00
Biography:
C Donald Combs, PhD serves as Vice President and Dean, School of Health Professions, at the Eastern Virginia Medical School (EVMS). He holds faculty appointments as tenured Professor of Health Professions at EVMS, Professor of General Medicine at the State Medical and Pharmaceutical University “Nicolae Testemitsanuâ€, Visiting Professor of Medical Simulation at University of Paris—Descartes and as Adjunct Professor of Modeling, Simulation and Visualization Engineering at Old Dominion University. From 1996 to 2002, he also served as a Senior Fellow at the US Naval Postgraduate School.
Abstract:
The dramatic growth in data about the human body and the human in social context combined with the progress in informatics, and modeling and simulation present an opportunity to realize a thirty-year old vision for a virtual human. This virtual human, however, will be far more sophisticated than the initial vision in that it will be capable of serving as a platform for research, education, patient care, drug and device testing. It will also be capable of accurately representing individuals and populations over time for purposes of screening, prevention, treatment, and analysis. The more accurate descriptor is to think in terms of a digital patient platform with infinite combinatorial possibilities. The objectives of this presentation are to provide an update on the status of a variety of international research efforts to extend human physiome research to include the social, behavioral and societal systems necessary to construct the digital patient and to discuss the opportunities to developing new models and simulations that will use the digital patient platform. The goal of the digital patient is to develop a database, software and analytic framework that integrates biological systems (body, organ, tissue, cells, molecules), a variety of scientific disciplines (biology, physiology, biophysics, biochemistry, molecular biology, bioengineering or social science), anatomical sub-system (cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, etc.), social context and data analytics. This presentation provides an overview of the major research initiatives that are underway, and the challenges that must be addressed, particularly in the use of sensors and the aggregation of data into usable formats.
Andreas Hütten
Bielefeld University, Germany
Title: Magnetic nanoparticles meet microfluidics
Time : 11:45 - 12:!5
Biography:
Andreas Hütten has completed his PhD in physics from Göttingen University in Germany and was working as a Feodor Lynen Research Fellow at UC Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in the US and in Germany at the Leibnitz Institute for Solid Sate and Materials Research Dresden. He is Professor of Thin Films and Physics of Nanostructures at the Department of Physics at Bielefeld University in Germany. He has published more than 190 papers in reputed journals and is serving as an Editorial Board Member for sensors
Abstract:
Lab-on-a-chip immunoassays utilizing super paramagnetic beads as labels allow for transport, separation and detection of different bead species by employing magnetic strayfield landscapes and/or special channel geometries in microfluidic systems in combination with integrated magnetoresistive sensors. Moreover, the formation of magnetic bead superstructures due to dipolar magnetic interactions can be applied as configurable matter so as to realize programmable microfluidic functions such as mixers, filters or valves which are able to simultaneously detect biomolecule via molecular recognition. This lecture is focused on physical aspects regarding microfluidics and the formation of magnetic bead superstructures which play an important role on the way to magnetically controlled lab-on-a-chip structures. Moreover, the realization of giant magnetoresistive sensors based on these magnetic bead super structures will be discussed in detail.
Zuzana Bilkova
University of Pardubice, Czech Republic
Title: Alkaline phosphatase or Q dots labeled antibody-based electrochemical biosensors for ultrasensitive tumor markers detection
Time : 12:20 - 12:40
Biography:
Zuzana Bilkova graduated in Molecular Biology and Genetics from Charles University, Prague (CZ). In 2000, she received PhD in Analytical Chemistry - Immunochemistry and in 2005 she became Head of Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences at University of Pardubice. In 2014, she was promoted to Professor of Clinical Immunology. Her scientific expertise: Immunochemistry, bioaffinity chromatography, structural analysis of clinically relevant biomarkers using modern (nano)materials as a solid phase combined with microfluidic systems and electrochemical detectors. Till date, she has published more than 80 papers in scientific journals and she gave more than 30 invited lectures at conferences.
Abstract:
Even though there are a lot of options in treating gynaecological malignancies, ovarian cancer still remains a leading cause of death. The lack of precise early warning signs is one of the factors that further contribute to the fact that only 25% of ovarian tumors are identified at stage I. Thus diagnosis at an early stage is the most important determinant of survival. Currently, serum CA125 is the most commonly used tumor marker for ovarian cancer, however the sensitivity of CA125 is limited. Next promising tumor marker for ovarian cancer is HE4, low molecular-weight glycoprotein, expressed primarily in epithelia of normal female genital tissues and overexpressed in epithelial ovarian cancer. Diagnostic tools applied today at clinics have had very limited success in early detection of these markers. Nowadays, there is the push to combine the highly specific immunochemical methods with highly sensitive electrochemical Biosensors. Selectivity and proper specificity provided by polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies in combination with electrochemical detection bring excellent analytical features. Recent attention has focused on advanced IgG labelling enabling the combination with electrochemical biosensing. The enzyme alkaline phosphatase or semiconductor nanocrystals Qdots are some of examples how to obtain desired sensitivity using square wave voltammetry resp. stripping voltammetry techniques. These advanced methodologies enable to detect and quantify the tumor markers in femtoMole required sensitivity.
Sheila Sadeghi
University of Torino, Italy
Title: An electrochemical biochip based on human hepatic drug metabolising enzymes in the presence of graphene and/or AuNps
Time : 12:40 - 13:00
Biography:
Sheila Sadeghi was awarded her PhD from Imperial College London, UK, studying the electrochemistry of haem proteins followed by Post-doctoral studies at Imperial College and University of California at San Francisco. She was awarded The JBC/Herb Tabor Award in 2014 for her work on the development of a P450-based bioelectrochemical platform for investigation of drug-drug interactions of human hepatic CYP3A4. She is currently an Associate Professor of Biotechnology in University of Torino. She has published more than 50 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of the Journal of Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry since 2011.
Abstract:
Human hepatic Phase I drug metabolising enzymes include the large family of cytochromes P450 and flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMO). In general, the activity of these enzymes renders the drugs and xenobiotics more amenable to excretion. Cytochromes P450 and to a lesser extent FMOs are important in the drug discovery process carried out by pharmaceutical companies worldwide since more than 80% of currently available drugs are substrates and/or inhibitors of these enzymes and any new chemical entity has to be tested against these monooxygenases in order to determine their clearance as well as toxicity. Both these family of monooxygenases are also redox proteins with either haem or flavin as their cofactors. The presence of the latter makes these enzymes responsive to electrochemical methodologies. However, these enzymes are membrane-bound and difficult to manipulate. Our group has been involved in studying the wiring of these human enzymes to electrode surfaces for the last two decades. Electrode modification for immobilisation of these enzymes has been achieved in a number of ways, ranging from the use of films of positively charged surfactants such as didodecyl ammonium bromide (DDAB), poly-(dimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride) (PDDA) to ordered self-assembled thiol-terminated chains such as cystamine-maleimide. More recently, we have also demonstrated the successful use of gold nanoparticles (AuNps) and graphene. Data will be presented regarding the activity as well as identification of the metabolite(s) produced by these human enzymes and their polymorphic variants once immobilised on electrode surfaces in the presence of graphene. Finally, development of this type of biochips has direct biosensor applications in the era of personalized medicine.
Ritu Sharma
Malaviya National Institute of Technology, India
Title: A review on surface plasmon resonance and its application as biosensing element
Time : 13:00 - 13:20
Biography:
Ritu Sharma has completed his PhD in the year 2011 from Malaviya Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India. She is working as Assistant Professor in Department of Electronics and Communication, MNIT Jaipur. She has work experience of 17 years published more than 35 papers in various reputed journals and international conferences and has been serving as a reviewer of many journals of repute.
Abstract:
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is an optical phenomenon which takes place at dielectric and metal interface. The light at a particular angle is incident on the metal surface and when the frequency of light coincides with the vibration frequency of electrons, resonance occurs. This resonance is confined at the interface. In this review paper various aspects of surface plasmon, their generation, and their material dependency is reviewed. The optical generation of surface plasmon due to prism coupling, grating coupling and waveguide coupling is discussed and compared using available literature. Then SPR application as biosensing element is reported. SPR-based biosensors generally deal with the study of biomolecular interactions, detection of cancer biomarkers and other human diseases and also screening of inhibitor of tumor targets. A biosensing element is designed using different metal coating of gold, silver and aluminium of thickness 50nm. The simulation of the biosensing element design has been carried out to show the effect of addition of protein on the reflectance versus incident angle on the three materials coating i.e. Gold, Silver and Aluminium. The results shows that a maximum shift in resonance angle (Δθres = 6.500) occur for gold coating and therefore gives better sensitivity than other material coating.
May C Morris
Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron, France
Title: Fluorescent carbon nanotube biosensors for probing intracellular kinase hyperactivation in human cancer
Biography:
May C Morris obtained her PhD in Biology and Health Sciences at the University of Montpellier in 1997 and completed her Post-doctoral training at the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, USA. In 2000, she was hired by the CNRS and returned to the Centre of Research on Macromolecular Biochemistry in Montpellier, France. In 2005, she established her own research group and in 2010, she was promoted as CNRS Research Director. In 2014, she moved to the Institute of Biomolecules Max Mousseron, where she is currently in charge of the “Biosensors and Inhibitors” group within the Department of Amino Acids, Heterocycles, Peptides and Proteins for Health. She was awarded the CNRS Bronze Medal in 2006 and the “Scientist of the Future” award from Languedoc-Roussillon Region in 2009. She has published over 60 articles in peer-reviewed journals, edited a volume on “Fluorescent Biosensors” (Elsevier Press) in 2013 and a special issue on “Fluorescent Biosensors in Biotechnology” Journal in 2014. She is currently an Editorial Board Member of ChemBioChem and Frontiers in Chemistry.
Abstract:
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK/Cyclins) play a central role in coordinating cell growth and division and are frequently deregulated in cancer, thereby constituting proliferation biomarkers and attractive pharmacological targets. However, probing and quantifying the hyperactivity of these kinases remains challenging, and there are no technologies available to monitor their activity in living cells in a non-invasive fashion. To this aim, we have developed a family of fluorescent biosensors, known as CDKACT, through conjugation of environmentally-sensitive probes to synthetic peptides which are specifically recognized by CDK/Cyclins and undergo fluorescent enhancement upon phosphorylation. We have further conjugated these peptide biosensors at the surface of multiwall carbon nanotubes to obtain self-cell-penetrating sensors of intracellular kinase activity. We show that these carbon nanotube peptide conjugates report on CDK/Cyclin activities in a sensitive and robust fashion in vitro. Moreover, these nanobiosensors penetrate readily into living cells and enable detection and quantification of the intracellular activities of these kinases by fluorescence imaging. This new generation of hybrid carbon nanotube peptide biosensors constitute attractive tools for cancer diagnostics and for evaluating response to therapeutics. They are particularly well suited for molecular imaging and are currently being implementing to monitor CDK/Cyclin hyperactivity associated with cancer progression and inhibition in mouse cancer models
- Bioelectronics
Biosensor Applications
Biochips & Nucleic Acid Sensors
Biosensing Technologies
Biosensors for Imaging
Photonic Sensor Technologies
Chair
Andreas Hutten
Bielefeld University, Germany
Session Introduction
Stephen Trowell
CSIRO, Australia
Title: CYBERTONGUE®, a multiplexed biosensing platform where BRET meets flow - for food diagnostic and other applications
Biography:
Stephen Trowell completed his PhD in visual transduction biochemistry at the Australian National University. In 1989, he was awarded an Australian National Research Fellowship, which he took up at CSIRO, Australia's national research agency, where he obtained tenure as a researcher. He is currently a Senior Principal Research Scientist and Group Leader for Innovative Bioproducts. He has authored 54 full papers in international refereed journals and is inventor on 15 patent families. He has served on the Editorial Board of Bioinspiration and Biomimetics since 2010 and is a recipient of CSIRO's Newton-Turner career award.
Abstract:
At the same time as the global supply chain for food and food ingredients is diversifying, tolerance for food risk is decreasing and demands for timeliness and cost minimization are intensifying. Current food diagnostic technologies are mainly focused on microbial safety but "quality", process ability and chemical composition are increasingly important reasons for testing food. Rather than compete with gold standard analytical methods in accredited centralized testing laboratories, we set out to develop a biosensor platform that can provide rapid, real-time or continuous measurements of a range of different analytes in food, to inform the decisions of food producers and processors. The resulting CYBERTONGUE® technology platform uniquely combines three features. 1) The availability of a diverse repertoire of biosensors, all of which transduce a biochemical event into a photonic signal, using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET), with profound advantages over competing approaches. 2) The biosensors are used in the fluid phase, i.e. they are not fixed to a surface but mix with the sample on a microfluidic chip and are continuously replenished, and avoiding problems of sensor drift and slow regeneration and 3) Whilst single channel mode is the simplest, we have also demonstrated the use of a multichannel chip with different biosensors in each channel, simultaneously measuring different aspects of a single sample. The same principles can also be applied to biosensors for clinical diagnoses. I will describe the technical basis of CYBERTONGUE® technology and illustrate it with applications to measuring maltose in beer and spoilage proteases in milk.
Ruey-an Doong
National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan
Title: Amperometric biosensors for cancer maker detection using novel dumbbell-like gold-magnetite nanocomposites
Biography:
Prof. Ruey-an Doong earned his Ph.D. degree in Environmental Engineering from the National Taiwan University, Taiwan in 1992. He joined the Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan in 1994. He served as the Department Head in 2008 and Dean of the College of Nuclear Science, National Tsing Hua University in 2011. Currently, he is a full professor in the Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan. His research interest lies in the areas of environmental chemistry and environmental nanotechnology.
Abstract:
An ultrasensitive amperometric immunosensor for the detection of cancer biomarker, ï¡-fetoprotein (AFP), was fabricated using Au/chitosan modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and antibody-functionalized dumbbell-like Au-Fe3O4 heterostructures as sensing platform and immuno-labels, respectively. To fabricate the labels, nano-Au NPs were first epitaxially growth onto Fe3O4 surface to form the dumbbell-like Au-Fe3O4 followed by conjugation of secondary antibody onto Au surface (Au-Fe3O4-Ab2). Results showed that the GCE modified with chitosan produced high electrochemical response by conjugation of more Au-Ab1 and the dumbbell-like Au-Fe3O4 served as a dual-probe to immobilize Ab2 onto Au as well as to reduce H2O2 by Fe3O4, resulting in the enhancement of signal amplification. The prepared Au-Fe3O4/Ab2/AFP/Ab1/Au/chitosan/GCE immunosensors exhibited a good analytical performance in the presence of 10 mM H2O2 with wide dynamic range of 4 orders of magnitude (0.01–40 ng mL-1) and low detection limit of 2.3 pg mL-1. In addition, the dumbbell-like Pt-Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been used to fabricate the amperometric biosensors for detection of dopamine. The Pt-Fe3O4-based electrode is linearly dependence on dopamine concentration in the range of 10-850 ïM with the detection limits of 0.13-7.22 ïM. Results obtained in this study clearly demonstrate that the dumbbell-like metal-magnetite biosensor is a promising biosensing platform for highly sensitive detection of tumor makers and neurotransmitters.
A P Vladimirov
Ural Federal University, Russia
Title: The use of the speckle dynamics for the quantitative analysis of micro and macro processes in cultured cells: Theory and experiment
Time : 14:30 - 14:50
Biography:
A P Vladimirov graduated from the State University in Cheboksary in 1975. In 1986, he defended his candidate dissertation, and in 2002 the Doctoral dissertation. Since 1972, he has been working in the field of development and application of speckle - holographic methods of measurement and control. He worked at the Institute of Polymeric Materials (Perm) and Institute of Metal Physics (Sverdlovsk). Currently, he is working in three organizations: The Institute of Engineering Science of the Ural branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ural Federal University, and Institute of viral infections (Yekaterinburg).
Abstract:
Previously, the theory of dynamic speckle-interferometry which allows to study intracellular phenomena was developed by the author. The theory has been successfully used by the author with colleagues to study the effects of herpes virus in three types of cultured cells. The purpose of this report is to familiarize colleagues with the specificities of the theory and application of the method. First briefly discusses the theory of the method, the basic formulae used in practice. It is shown that the time-average intensity at the observation point and the correlation coefficient of the area of images depend on the parameters characterizing macroscopic changes (shape of cells) and microscopic processes in cells. The experiment with thawed cells, where the shape changes of cells due to the movement and the passing of intracellular processes is discussed.
Sayed Ahmad Mozaffari
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Iran
Title: Preparation and electrochemical characterization of ZnO based disposable urea biosensors
Time : 14:50 - 15:10
Biography:
Sayed Ahmad Mozaffari received his PhD in chemistry under supervision of Professor Reza Karimi Shervedani from University of Isfahan in 2006. Then he undertook Post-Doctoral studies at Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) in South Korea under supervision of Professor Su-Moon Park (2008–2009). His main areas of interests include electroanalytical chemistry, thin layers and nanotechnology, sensors and biosensors, electrochemistry of solar cells and fuel cells, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Fourier transform EIS.
Abstract:
Semiconductor based transducers play an important role in electrochemical sensing. Recently, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures have drawn many attentions in the fabrication of biosensors with many advantages including nontoxicity, biological compatibility, fast electron transfer rates, high specific surface area, high catalytic efficiency and easy preparation. In this presentation, nanostructured zinc oxide thin films were prepared by different deposition methods such as sol-gel, RF magnetron sputtering, and electrochemical deposition on the F-doped SnO2 conductive glass (FTO/ZnO-Nano). The effect of deposition technique on the growth and crystallization of ZnO, morphology, thickness and electrical conductivity of ZnO thin film transducer, enzyme immobilization, enzyme activity and stability, and biosensor response will be discussed. EIS technique as a powerful, non-destructive and informative diagnostic tool has become increasingly popular for biosensing applications and is widely used for studying electrical and electrochemical interfacial properties of a large variety of systems. In these studies the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was applied as an assessment method. The fabricated biosensors showed remarkable stability and reproducibility for urea sensing with high sensitivity, low detection limit, broad dynamic range, fast response time and better calibration curve.
Holly Roberts
University of Birmingham, UK
Title: Development of modified ferrocenes DNA probes for electrochemical SNP sensing
Time : 11:45 - 12:00
Biography:
Holly Roberts obtained a 1st Class Hons Masters Degree in Chemistry with Analytical Science from The University of Birmingham in 2013. Her final project was with Dr. J Bunch investigating polymer detection and identification for forensic applications using TOF-SIMS. Later she went on to start a PhD project with Prof. J H R Tucker researching DNA detection using ferrocene modified nucleic acids as an electrochemical reporter for DNA detection. She has won several awards for both poster and oral presentations including Best in Year Oral Presentation and Best Science Poster at a public outreach event. She is also an avid STEM ambassador.
Abstract:
Ferrocene is used regularly as a redox reporter within DNA as it is easily manufactured within the lab, functionalisable, stable and has well defined electrochemical behaviour making it an excellent candidate for DNA sensing. We present a modified ferrocene unit for use as a DNA based surface bound electrochemical probe. Ferrocene modified with a base on each cyclopentadienyl ring has been synthesised and substituted for two of the sugar units in the DNA backbone using automated DNA synthesis. This allows for the unit to be placed as close as possible to the site of a DNA base variation or single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) thus increasing the sensitivity of the probe. An FcNA octomer has also been synthesised and investigated using cyclic voltammetry with a view to using the functionalised ferrocene to produced nanowires and redox active nanomaterials. On a gold electrode, surface formation gives reproducible redox behaviour both single stranded and upon hybridisation. Investigations using Square Wave Voltammetry (SWV) suggest an unusual increase in current on binding to a complementary DNA strand due to the effect of increased molecular rigidity. There is also some variation between fully complementary and partially non-complementary DNA strands which shows early promise for SNP detection. The probe has shown good chemical and electrochemical stability, losing only 2% current signal over 150 scans. The ability to sense SNPs using an electrochemical group closely associated to the site of interest could give a sensitive, portable, reusable and rapid SNP detector leading to faster medical diagnosis.
NaHyun Cho
Stony Brook University, USA
Title: Ordered DNA fragmentation using soft lithography and amplification for next generation sequencing
Time : 12:00 - 12:15
Biography:
NaHyun Cho is a PhD candidate in Materials Science and Engineering at Stony Brook University in New York. She previously earned a BS in Engineering Chemistry and a ME in Materials Science and Engineering from at Stony Brook University. She spent two and half years in the field as a research engineer with LG Electronics in Seoul, South Korea, working in their crystalline solar cell R&D Center. Her current area of research is ordered DNA fragmentation on surfaces for next-generation sequencing. In order to further develop her research focus, she is a visiting student at both Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory and Brookhaven National Laboratory in New York.
Abstract:
Current Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology starts with randomly fragmented DNA from whole genomic DNA. Because of this randomness, all DNA fragments need to sequence massive parallel reads in order to know the whole sequencing. In this study, we try to cut DNA fragments into 10-15 kbps using soft lithography technology because one of the NGS platforms is Pacific Biosciences’ RS, able to read larger size fragments, up to 15 kilo base pairs, quickly. Also, as an ultimate goal, we will try to keep the DNA fragments in the orders from the surface, so the DNA reads do not need to be sequenced several times. In previous studies, we stretched DNA on PMMA (Poly Methyl Methacrylate) substrate and the stretched DNA could be linearly cut with soft lithography by applying DNase I enzyme. After cutting the DNA on the substrate, in order to sequence the DNA fragments with NGS technology, the DNA fragments are taken from the surface and placed in a solution base. We dissolved the PMMA substrate and fragmented DNA fragments together and separated the DNA fragments using a Phenol-Chloroform Isoamyl (PCI) extraction procedure. The principle of separating DNA with PCI mixture is based on solubility differences between organic and aqueous liquids. DNA is a negatively charged, hydrophilic bio-polymer because of its negatively charged phosphate groups. On the other hand, PMMA is a non-charged polymer that is dissolved in chloroform. By dissolving the PMMA surface, it is possible to separate DNA from the surface using liquid-liquid phase separation (Organic phase: Aqueous phase). For the data processing, confocal microscopy was used to take images of cut DNA on the PMMA surface. Gel electrophoresis and bioanalyzer were conducted to confirm the distribution of the DNA fragments. Finally, PacBio RS II which is the one of the long-read Next-Generation sequencing platforms was used to confirm quality and quantity of the fragmented DNA from surfaces.
Gautam Anand
Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand
Title: Parametric electrical modelling of human forearm simulation response using multi-frequency electrical bioimpedance
Time : 12:15 - 12:30
Biography:
Gautam Anand is a PhD researcher at Institute of Biomedical Technologies, AUT University. With a background in Electrical and Electronics Engineering, his research interests include biophysics, biosignal acquisition, bioelectronics, bioimpedance analysis and its applications in medical diagnostics.
Abstract:
This work presents a parametric electrical modelling of the electrical response of human forearm tissues through a simulation of Multi-frequency Electrical Bioimpedance analysis (MF-EBIA). The objective is to estimate the resistance and capacitance values of the three tissue domains in the forearm – the fat, muscle and artery, through parametric analysis. Following up from a simulation analysis of the human forearm model using Ansys® High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS), this work assumes an electrical analogy of the human forearm section for every tissue and calculates the electrical parameters. The tissue model was considered to be isotropic with regards to the dielectric properties and the consideration of blood flow was realised by taking three instances of radial artery diameter. The obtained values of resistance and capacitance for every tissue domain provide an insight into their significant contribution to the overall electrical response, which can be important while analysing their individual electrical behaviour and also helpful in various pre-experimental studies related to dielectric characterization of living tissues.
Maritza P Garrido
University of Chile, Chile
Title: Role of sympathetic nervous system in rat ovarian ageing
Time : 12:30 - 12:45
Biography:
Maritza Garrido is a young academic researcher who works in Endocrinology and Reproduction Biology Lab of the Jose Joaquin Aguirre Clinical Hospital, pertaining to the University of Chile. She collaborates with the Medicine, Chemical Sciences and Pharmaceutics Schools of the same University, teaching and participating in the development research projects. She is Biochemist and MSc from the same university and currently attends her Pharmacology PhD studies in the same institution.
Abstract:
At present, women have delayed motherhood after 30 years. From this age, the problems of fertility arise and the success percentage of in vitro fertility programs declines. Then, it is important to know the mechanisms involved in the ovarian aging in this period. One of the mechanisms involving in the ovarian aging is the increased sympathetic nerve activity (SNA). In turn, it has been described that the ovary of women post menopause has a higher density of nervous fibers as compared with age-matched control women. We have demonstrated that a rat reproductive aging has also an increased ovarian SNA, which is strongly correlated with the spontaneous appearance of follicular cysts, decreased ovulation and loss of preantral follicles in the ovary. The relevance of these findings was that they have a direct clinical application. The adrenergic receptors present in the ovary are mostly of the β2-adrenergic receptors subtype and noradrenaline exert their effect through them, modifying follicular development and steroid secretions being an increased activity associated with formation and maintenance of cystic structures. Blockade of β-adrenergic receptors recovered ovarian function during reproductive aging. Besides, the successful use of electro acupuncture procedures (decrease SNA) both in rats and patients permit the recovery of ovulatory cycles and ovarian function. The highest sympathetic innervation found in postmenopausal women suggests that have a correlation between the infertility by ageing and by activation of sympathetic nerves. The control of the sympathetic activity could expand out of the window of subfertility and it could promote successful fertility program in ageing woman.
Ling Zhang
Southeast University, China
Title: DMSA-coated iron oxide nanoparticle greatly affects the expression of genes coding cysteine-rich proteins by its DMSA coating
Time : 12:45 - 13:00
Biography:
Ling Zhang was born in HuBei province, china; date of birth: 23/6/1980. Educational background includes: Ph.D candidate in Biomedical engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, school of biological science and medical engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China. She is mainly interested in study on biological effects of iron oxide nanoparticles (FeNPs) and bioinformatics.
Abstract:
The dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) was widely used to coat iron oxide nanoparticles (FeNPs); however, its intracellular cytotoxicity remains to be adequately elucidated. This study analyzed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in four mammalian cells treated by a DMSA-coated magnetite FeNP at various doses for different times. The results revealed that about one fourth of DEGs coded cysteine-rich proteins (CRPs) in all cells under each treatment, indicating that the nanoparticles greatly affected the expressions of CRP-coding genes. Additionally, about 26% of CRP-coding DEGs were enzyme genes in all cells, indicating that the nanoparticles greatly affected the expression of enzyme genes. Further experiments with the nanoparticles and a polyethyleneimine (PEI)-coated magnetite FeNP revealed that the effect mainly resulted from DMSA carried into cells by the nanoparticles. This study thus firstly reported the cytotoxicity of DMSA at the gene transcription level as coating molecules of FeNPs. This study provides new insight into the molecular mechanism why the DMSA-coated nanoparticles resulted in the transcriptional changes of many CRP-coding genes in cells. This study evokes attention toward the intracellular cytotoxicity of DMSA as coating molecule of nanoparticles, which has very low toxicity as orally administered antidote due to its extracellular distribution.
Anubha Kalra
Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand
Title: Quantifying skin stretch induced motion artifact from an electrocardiogram signal
Time : 13:00 - 13:15
Biography:
Anubha Kalra is curently a Doctoral candidate at Institute of Biomedical Technologies (IBTec), AUT University. Her research interests include ambulatory ECG monitoring and analysis, artifact detection, adaptive analysis for artifact reduction and biosignal data filtering and acquisition
Abstract:
This work presents a 2D quantification of strain field caused due to the motion artifact in an Electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement. The objective of this work is to estimate the skin stretch induced motion artifact in an ECG signal. An ECG measurement was obtained from a subject for 10 seconds using standard Ag/AgCl electrodes by continuously moving the arm back and forth during the measurement. The motion artifact produced due to the arm movement was emulated using a Poly dimethyl siloxane (PDMS) patch of dimensions 40mm x 45mm x 0.254mm adhered to the arm. The movement of the PDMS patch during the ECG measurement was recorded in a video and motion artifact was quantified in terms of normal and shear strain components εx, εy and εxy. These values were derived using feature detection and Euclidean distance feature mapping. The obtained motion artifact can be eliminated from the ECG signal using adaptive filtering or other techniques such as Extended Kalman Filtering (EKF). This method of evaluation of the strain components was validated against a finite element analysis SolidWorks®.
Everson Thiago Santos Geroncio da Silva
State University of Campinas, Brazil
Title: Triboelectric effect as a novel tool for the development and application of point-of-care testing devices
Time : 14:00 - 14:15
Biography:
Everson Thiago Santos Geroncio da Silva has completed his PhD from State University of Campinas, Brazil. Presently, he is working as a Postdoctoral Researcher, where he is responsible for the area of development and application of point-of-care testing devices and conductive inks. He is the first author of the paper published in Lab-On-A-Chip journal (2015) regarding the use of triboelectric effect for sealing and controlling the flow in paper-based devices.
Abstract:
Triboelectric effect (TEE) is a theory related to contact electrification (tribocharging), which happens when two materials are brought into contact (by rubbing, for example) and then separated, creating electrostatic charges. The accurate mechanism of the charge formation is still a motive for debate and not completely understood, but these tribocharged materials may be useful as electrostatic masks for the construction of paper-based analytical devices (μPADs), besides being able to promote reversible electrostatic sealing in μPADs, which is of great importance in this type of device. PADs are an emerging class of point-of-care (POC) technology that has gain much attention in the past few years due to its simplicity and low cost. Despite the numerous advantages of this substrate, most of POC devices fabricated using this platform have the limitation of being directly exposed to ambient conditions, which may increase the risk of contamination and evaporation of the solvent/sample used in the analysis, proving the importance of sealing. The charged surfaces can also attract aqueous solution, delaying the fluid delivery and minimizing its evaporation. In summary, the main goal of this presentation is to show the possibilities of using charged surfaces as a versatile tool for the development of μPADs and other POC devices.
Shengwei Tan
Southeast University, P R China
Title: Sequence-specific recognition of DNA oligomer by DNA/DNA hybridization in silicon nitride nanopores
Time : 14:15 - 14:30
Biography:
Shengwei Tan obtained her PhD in Biomedical Engineering from State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, P R China in 2016, MESc in Applied Chemistry from College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, P R China in 2011 and BE in Chemical Engineering and Technology from Department of Chemistry, Dezhou University, P R China. Prior to registering for PhD, she was engaged in the scientific research work at Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China, and the main research interest was in Analytical Chemistry.
Abstract:
Nanopores have been proven to be novel and versatile single-molecule sensors for individual unlabeled biopolymer detection and characterization. In the present study, a relatively large silicon nitride (Si3N4) nanopore with a diameter of approximately 60 nm was fabricated successfully using a focused Ga ion beam (FIB). We demonstrated a simple ex situ silanization procedure to control the size and functionality of solid-state nanopores. The presented results show that by varying the silanization time, it is possible to adjust the efficiency of probe molecule attachment, thus shrinking the pore to the chosen size, while introducing selective sensing probes. The functionalization of nanopores was verified by analysis of field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and electrical measurements. Based on this study, we envision that the functionalized silicon nitride nanopores with the DNA probe might provide a biosensing platform for the detection and discrimination of a short single-stranded DNA oligomer of unknown sequences in the future.
Greter Amelia Ortega RodrÃguez
Center for Applied Science and Advanced Technology of IPN, Mexico
Title: Magnetite nanoparticles on paper: A platform for the diagnosis of dengue fever by magnetic -ELISA
Biography:
Greter Amelia Ortega Rodríguez has completed her Bachelor of Science in Chemistry (Summa cum Laude) and her Master of Science in Chemistry at University of Havana, Cuba in 2012 and 2015, respectively. At present, she is a graduate teaching assistant at the Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana and a PhD student at Center for Applied Science and Advanced Technology of IPN, Legaria Unit, Mexico. She has participated in 10 international scientific meetings held in Cuba and has done research on synthesis, functionalization and the use of the novel properties of metal and magnetic nanoparticles to design nanostructured biosensors.
Abstract:
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are the most widely used methods to detect antibodies. However, they have some drawbacks. As a result, in recent years magnetic nanoparticles or beads (e.g. magnetites) have been combined with ELISAs to improve their analytical performance. On the other hand, despite paper-based ELISA are less sensitive than conventional ELISA, they emerge as suitable platforms to develop disposable devices for point-of-care diagnostic. A novel “magnetic-ELISA”, based on core-shell magnetite@polydopamine nanoparticles supported on Whatman paper was developed to detect IgM-dengue antibodies. An affordable procedure to deposit magnetite nanoparticles on paper surfaces (Whatman thype-1 and Whatman thype-ss903) and, to conjugate such nanoparticles with Anti human-IgM antibodies using polydopamine as linker, is reported. Structural features, magnetic behavior, coating homogeneity, as well as, the nanoparticles/linked antibodies ratio were determined. The analytical performance of “magnetic-ELISA” supported on paper surface was 100 times more sensitive with a 700 times lower limit of detection than traditional ELISA or using magnetic beads without depositing on paper to detect IgM-dengue antibodies. Additionally, the new system showed low background, acceptable reproducibility, low-cost, easy manufacturing and effortless and easy handling which are very important, considering the large number of biological samples to be processed by a laboratory in case of dengue epidemics.
Ching-Hwa Cheng
Feng-Chia University, Taiwan
Title: The image guiding system for minimally invasive surgery
Biography:
Ching-Hwa Cheng received an MSEE degree from Chung Hwa University, Taiwan, in 1993 and a PhD degree in Computer Science and Information Engineering from National Chung Cheng University, Taiwan, in 2000. His PhD dissertations and Master’s thesis are focused on logic optimization and fault tolerant computing, respectively. He is currently a full professor of Electronic Engineering at Feng-Chia University. His research interests include endoscope system design, image process and low-power VLSI Design/EDA/testing related issues, such image guiding surgery and low-power chip designed by multi-voltage.
Abstract:
The endoscope is widely used for various diagnoses and treatments in Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS), such as hysteroscopy, laparoscopy and colonoscopy. However, the limited field of image of the endoscope is often the most problematic issue faced by surgeons and medical students, especially for those inexperienced physicians, which leads to difficulty during surgical operations. To reduce the difficulties of MIS with respect to endoscope function, the proposed technique provides the angle and distance from the surgical instrument to the lesion. The in-time guiding information provides global positioning information by tracking the lesion position during surgery. The whole system has been successfully validated in animal in vivo experiments. As the view of the scope is limited by the endoscope, and when the surgical instrument moves, the lesion and instrument relating location information is lost. As the global position information is lost, the surgical risk increases. Hence, the proposed technique of this current research provides the angle and distance from the surgical instrument to the lesion. This can help the doctor obtain the needed global positioning information. The risk situation occurs when the surgical three-dimensional positioning information is lost. Hence, the image guiding requirement is urgently needed for increased precision in surgical operations, such as in heart and brain surgeries. The proposed in-time image guiding technique applies to the HSV object-tracking method. This technique provides the distance and angle information in order to help doctors perform successful surgical operations. The guiding information prevents the surgical errors from occurring due to the limited image of field of the endoscope. The proposed technique can also be adopted to decrease the training cost of new doctors. During a survey of the previously published researches, to our knowledge, there are no similar works in image guiding for MIS.
Ajay Giri Prakash
Stanford University School of Medicine, USA
Title: Bioinspired smart skin of self-powered hair cell sensors for ultrasensitive flow sensing
Biography:
Ajay Giri Prakash Kottapalli is working as a Post-doctoral Associate at the Center for Environmental Sensing and Modeling (CENSAM) interdisciplinary research group (IRG) of Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART). His research interests include biomimetics, bio-inspired MEMS/NEMS sensors, soft-polymer sensors, biomaterials, nature inspired sensors, piezoelectric actuators etc. He has published more than 15 international papers in reputed journals and about 40 international conference proceeding papers. He filed over 4 national wide patents and has been serving as an editorial board member of a wide-range of well-reputed journals.
Abstract:
Ajay Giri Prakash Kottapalli is working as a Post-doctoral Associate at the Center for Environmental Sensing and Modeling (CENSAM) interdisciplinary research group (IRG) of Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART). His research interests include biomimetics, bio-inspired MEMS/NEMS sensors, soft-polymer sensors, biomaterials, nature inspired sensors, piezoelectric actuators etc. He has published more than 15 international papers in reputed journals and about 40 international conference proceeding papers. He filed over 4 national wide patents and has been serving as an editorial board member of a wide-range of well-reputed journals.
Zhiyuan Shen
Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore
Title: Biomimetic flow sensors for biomedical flow sensing in intravenous tubes
Biography:
SHEN Zhiyuan worked as a research staff at Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Singapore. He is currently a postdoctoral associate at the Center for Environmental Sensing and Modeling (CENSAM), SMART, Singapore. Zhiyuan was awarded Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, 2013. He obtained his M.E. and B.E., both in microelectronics and solid state electronics, from Xi’an Jiaotong University (XJTU), China in 2008 and Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), China in 2005. His research interests include MEMS sensors and actuators, piezoelectric materials and devices, acoustic and ultrasonic transducers, ultrasonic NDT, biomimetic flow sensors, and metamaterials.
Abstract:
A MEMS piezo-resistive flow rate sensor inspired by the hair cell sensor found in the fish lateral line system has been composed and fabricated. The sensor has been bonded with a 3D printed fixture and they together have been integrated on an intravenous tube. The responses of the sensor with respect to two flow rates of 200mL/h and 500mL/h have been tested using a experimental setup, the flow rate in which has been controlled by a peristaltic pump. The sensor shows distinguished response difference with respect to these two flow rates and can be used to monitor the flow rate in the IV tube in the future.
Pouya Rezai
York University, Canada
Title: Integrated hybrid biosensors for automated manipulation and drug screening of whole biological organisms of human diseases
Biography:
Pouya Rezai is an emerging researcher in the areas of microfluidic and biosensors. He is the Graduate Program Director of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at York University. He received his PhD in Mechanical Engineering (Bio-Microfluidics) from McMaster University in Canada. He was an NSERC Visiting Fellow at Public Health Agency of Canada before joining York University in July 2013. He has published over 40 scholarly articles in the format of journal papers, peer-reviewed conference papers, book chapters and patents. His research interests are Microfabrication, Microfluidics, Lab-on-Chips and Bio-Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems for biology, medicine and environmental science applications.
Abstract:
Small vertebrate and invertebrate organisms such as Danio rerio, C. elegans and D. melanogaster are widely used as model organisms to answer fundamental biological questions about human diseases and to screen chemicals against them for finding new therapeutic drugs. Many biological assays and investigations on these organisms are still conducted manually by laboratory personnel who must possess high levels of expertise in particular unit operations and have access to highly specialized equipment to conduct the assays. Therefore, controllable and sensitive biological studies cannot be performed at the point-of-care or the point-of-need, resulting in significant negative impacts on the outcomes of these researches. In my talk, I will introduce you to bio-microfluidics, a domain of bioengineering research that aims at developing miniaturized and automated devices for efficient biological studies in a cost-effective and sensitive manner. The focus of my talk will be placed on microfluidic chips for studying neurological and behavioral responses of whole-organisms to external cues. Examples include microchips for cardiac and central nervous system studies on Drosophila melanogaster larvae, correlating neuro-behavioral responses of C. elegans to electrical signals, and adult Drosophila egg-laying assays on chemically- and physically-controllable substrates. Since development of these microchips is highly dependent on materials with sensing and actuation functionalities and their transformation into microstructures in the devices, I will also introduce our recent activities in developing conductive polymeric microstructures in microchannels for sensing and detection applications.
Anju Joshi
Indian Institute of Technology, India
Title: Non-enzyamtic electrochemical sensing of hydrogen peroxide using (TBA)3[PMo12O40]-OCNTs composites
Biography:
Anju joshi has completed MTech (Nanotechnology) from University of Rajasthan (Jaipur) in year 2102. Afterwards, she started the pursuit of her PhD under the guidance of Dr. Tharamani C.N. Her research interest focuses on development of novel sensors for more effective determination of biomolecules associated with diseased state.
Abstract:
Nanocomposites based on (TBA)3[PMo12O40]@oxidized carbon nanotubes (O-CNTs) has been prepared to demonstrate its application for hydrogen peroxide sensing. To achieve the desired goal, a keggin type tetra-butylammonium phosphomolybdate has been engrafted onto oxidized carbon nanotubes utilizing electrostatic interactions between oxidized carbon nanotubes and (TBA)3[PMo12O40]. The synthesis procedure is convenient, rapid and scalable (TBA)3 [PMo12O40]- O-CNTs modified GCE showed good stability and well resolved intense redox peaks corresponding to the PMo12 system. Furthermore, cyclic voltammetric, chronoamperometry and rotating disc electrode studies has been performed to evaluate the superior electrocatalytic activity of the (TBA)3[PMo12O40]@O-CNTs modified GCE towards electrocatalytic reduction of hydrogen peroxide. (TBA)3[PMo12O40]@O-CNTs exhibits superior sensitivity, selectivity and fast response with a wide linear range of 1µM-1000 µM.
- Dear Euro Biosensors 2016 attendees!
We would like to inform you that 3rd Day of the conference i.e., (July 2nd, 2016) is scheduled for Business to Business Meeting, Networking with Keynotes, speakers, moderator and lunch will be provided from 12:30 -13:30.
We are very much glad to anticipate your presentation at networking and lunch session on 3rd day of the conference.
Thanks and regards,
Edwin Jonson
Euro Biosensors 2016
Session Introduction
James J Lai
University of Washington, USA
Title: Highly sensitive biomarker detection via stimuli-responsive reagents
Biography:
James Lai received his PhD in chemical engineering in 2005 from polytechnic university. He worked as Graduate Research Assistant in Polytechnic University and then he worked as Senior/Post-doctoral fellow in University of Washington during 2005-2009. Currently he is working as Research Assistant Professor in the Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington from 2009.
Abstract:
Clinical diagnostic tests such as immunoassay have been utilized for patient diagnosis to significantly improve health care and reduce costs by detecting trace amounts of certain proteins in patients for identifying harmful cells and troublesome cellular processes. The mainstream immunoassays utilize antibodies immobilized on solid supports for biomarker recognition and separation, which result in long assay time and compromise assay detection limit. In order to achieve higher assay sensitivity, our group has developed stimuli-responsive affinity reagents to address some of the biomarker separation challenges. The reagents such as antibodies conjugated with stimuli-responsive polymers respond sharply and reversibly to physical or chemical stimuli by changing their conformation and physical-chemical properties, i.e. changing from a hydrophilic state to a more hydrophobic state. Stimuli-responsive reagents can replace the antibodies immobilized at solid supports to overcome the mass transport limitations associated with heterogeneous immunoassays because the biomarker binding occurs in a homogeneous solution where molecular diffusion of the reagents facilitates rapid mass transport equilibration. The conjugates can interface with different diagnostic devices to enable rapid immunoassay by facilitating simple and effective biomarkers (or full sandwich immunocomplexes) separation and detection. Additionally, the rapid assay system is scalable to larger starting volumes, which provides opportunities to concentrate dilute biomarkers, thus improving detection ranges and expanding diagnostic options in immunoassays. In this presentation, I will discuss the utilities of stimuli-responsive affinity reagents for microfluidic immunoassay to enable sensitive detection for prostate specific antigen in human plasma as well as rapid biomarker purification and enrichment for infectious disease such as malaria.
Mohamed Serry
The American University in Cairo, Egypt
Title: Graphene-based composite biosensors for continuous glucose monitoring
Biography:
Mohamed Serry is currently an Assistant Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the American University in Cairo, and leader of the Microfabrication and Advanced Sensor Technologies Research Group. He has completed his PhD from the University of Toronto in 2007, and MSc from the University of Albertain 2003. His research is focused on microfabrication technology and the design and implementation of a wide range of novel sensors based on the integration of advanced nanomaterials on microsystems. He has published more than 35 technical papers in international journals and conferences and holds three granted/pending US patents.
Abstract:
Diabetic complications, especially cardiovascular disease and renal disease, make diabetes the seventh leading cause of death in the USA in 2007. Close monitoring and timely correction of elevated blood sugar can reduce the risk of diabetes-related complications. Portable glucometers, which measure blood glucose levels by finger pricks, may fail to detect rapid glucose changes. Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) sensors using electrochemical detection are intended to address this, however, enzyme-catalyzed CGM have significant drawbacks, including (1) detection errors from irreversible consumption of glucose of the tissue, (2) drift over time, due to H2O2 production as a byproduct, affecting device accuracy, reliability, and longevity, and requiring repeated calibration (2-5 times/day), (3) need for frequent replacement (every 3-5 days), due to H2O2, and O2 mediators, (4) intermediate reactions that delay detection with possible false signals, due to interference with ascorbic and uric acids. Therefore, there is a dire need for non-enzymatic, mediator-free electrochemical glucose detectors which provide rapid response, better stability, and allow full implantation and wireless detection. In this work, we introduce non-enzymatic, mediator free glucose sensors by growing CVD graphene on a nanostructured platinum/silicon Schottky junction. Non-enzymatic detection is achieved by the adsorption of glucose molecules on the graphene surface, glucose OH− groups interact with O2 on the graphene surface. This interaction p-dopes the graphene layer, shifting the Dirac point to positive potential, thus varying the Schottky barrier’s height (SBH) and width, resulting in a detectable current change. The results indicated that the proposed sensor provided a highly sensitive, more facile method with good reproducibility for continuous glucose detection.
Mahmoud Almasri
University of Missouri, USA
Title: An impedance biosensor for accurate and rapid detection of foodborne
Biography:
Mahmoud Almasri received PhD in Electrical Engineering from Southern Methodist University Dallas, TX, 2001. He is currently an Associate Professor with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Missouri. He was with General Monitors, CA as a research scientist. Then, he was with Albany nanotech, NY as a post doctoral research associate, and he was with Georgia Institute of Technology as a post doctoral fellow. His current researchers include biosensors, MEMS power harvester, IR material and detectors, MEMS Coulter counter. His research is mainly funded by NSF, ARO, LWI, and USDA. He is senior IEEE member.
Abstract:
An impedance biosensor for rapid detection of low concentration Escherichia coli O157:H7 was designed, fabricated and tested. The biosensor has the following innovative features: (1) a focusing region consisting of ramped down vertical (electroplated) gold electrode pair made along with 45o tilted thin film finger pairs. This configuration generates p-DEP force to concentrate the bacteria into the center of the microchannel, and direct them toward the sensing microchannel which has a diameter smaller than one-third of the first channel. The bulk fluid flows into the outer channel towards the waste outlets. (2) Bacteria sensing region consists of three interdigitated electrode arrays (IDEA) with varying number of fingers (30, 20 and 10 pairs respectively) coated with anti-E.coli antibody. As E.coli reaches the sensing region it binds to the antibody on IDEA surface, and results in impedance change. This has enabled detection of a very low concentration of bacteria with a very high sensitivity and rapidly. Fabrication of the biosensor was performed on a glass substrate using SU8 negative photoresist to form the microchannel, gold electroplating to form the vertical focusing electrode pair, thin gold film to form the detection electrode, the finger electrodes, traces and bonding pads, and PDMS to seal the device. Various low concentration E.coli samples were tested to determine the sensitivity of the biosensor and the lowest detection limit of the biosensor was found to be 14 CFU/ml. The total turnaround time, from antibody immobilization to pathogen detection was about 2 hours.
Biography:
Erping Long has completed his bachelor degree of clinical medicine from Sun Yat-sen University and now is having postgraduated study in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center. He is the reviewer of the journals “Scientific Reports†and “PLoS Oneâ€. He has published 9 papers, including reputed journals Science (IF 33.611), Scientific Reports (IF 5.578), Parasites & Vectors (IF 3.44), PloS One (IF 3.234).
Abstract:
Background: Schistosomiasis japonicum remains a considerable economic and public health concern in China, the Philippines and Indonesia. Currently available measures to control the unique intermediate host Oncomelania hupensis are frequently associated with severe side effects. Previous studies have demonstrated that linalool-rich extracts from various plants exhibited promising biological activities including cytotoxic, anti-microbial and anti-parasitic properties. Methods: We identified the components of leaf extracts from Cinnamomum camphora by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and investigated molluscicidal and larvicidal effects of linalool against O. hupensis and Schistosoma japonicium. The ultrastructural alterations in gills, salivary gland, stomach and hepatopancreas of snails were observed under the light microscope and transmission electron microscope, and lesions to tegument of cercaria were examined under a light microscope and fluorescence microscope. We then evaluated the effects of linalool on skin penetration and migration of schistosomula and adult survival by measurement of worm burden and egg counts in Balb/C mice infected with linalool-treated cercariae. Results: In the present work, 44 components were identified from the leaf extracts of C. camphora, of which linalool was the most abundant constituent. Linalool exhibited the striking molluscicidal and larvicidal effects with LC50 = 0.25 mg/L for O. hupensis and LC50 = 0.07 mg/L for cercaria of S. japonicium. After exposure to linalool, damage to the gills and hepatopancreas of the snails, and to the tegument and body-tail joint of cercariae was apparent. In addition, linalool markedly reduced the recovered schistosomulum from mouse skin after challenge infection, and therefore decreased the worm burden in infected animals, but not fecundity of female adults of the parasite. Conclusions: Our findings indicated that linalool might be a novel chemotherapeutic agent against S. japonicium and the snail intermediate host.
Serban F Peteu
Michigan State University, USA
Title: Peroxynitrite detection: Recent innovations and remaining challenges
Biography:
Serban F Peteu serves as Professor Adjunct in Chemical Engineering & Materials Science at Michigan State University in USA. He did his Post-doctoral studies at the University of Michigan in 1996 sponsored by a Fulbright Award, after earning his PhD in Biotechnology-Bioengineering from Bucharest Polytechnic in 1992. He published over 50 papers and patents and was elected in 2005 as Editorial Board Member for the Elsevier Journal “Biosensors Bioelectronicsâ€. His work in peroxynitrite detection started in 2010 and continues to date. He co-edited the first book focused on peroxynitrite detection, just published by the Royal Society of Chemistry.
Abstract:
The most harmful of the reactive nitrogen and oxygen species in vivo is peroxynitrite (ONOO—), the reaction product of nitric oxide and superoxide. When present in excess, peroxynitrite is known to disturb the physiological balance in organisms leading to the nitro-oxidative stress. Its extended action over time through nitro-oxidative reactions in vivo is clinically correlated with chronic degenerative diseases, such as: cardiac (myocarditis; graft rejection; heart failure), vascular (atherosclerosis; aging; hypertension); neurodegenerative (Parkinson’s; Alzheimer’s; multiple sclerosis); diabetes and complications (neuropathy; nephropathy; retinopathy) and inflammation (chronic; toxic origin; arthritis). The ability of biosensors for rapid and real-time analysis in a multi-analyte format at relatively low cost will allow the quantitative and qualitative detection of ONOO—. The peroxynitrite sensitive and selective sensors and probes will facilitate a screening-type analysis and potentially prevent these numerous diseases. Consequently, many efforts are underway to detect peroxynitrite in biological media. This invited review will critically discuss for the first time the very latest innovations in the field of peroxynitrite biosensors and probes for in vivo and in vitro studies with the remaining challenges. Thus, the main trends will be extracted, in order to chart the future directions and hence create an instrumental outlook.
Biography:
Kavita Garg has completed her Masters from Delhi University and PhD from Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Mumbai. Currently she is working as a Young Scientist at Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. She is working in the area of organic electronics from past 7 years. She has published her work in more than 12 reputed journals and conference proceedings.
Abstract:
Porphyrins are highly conjugated, intense colored and the core of key biomolecules “hemoglobin and chlorophyllâ€. Biological systems use porphyrins and metalloporphyrins as catalysts, small molecule transporters, electrical conduits and energy transducers in photosynthesis, hence are an obvious class of molecules to investigate for molecular electronic functions. As a class of molecule, they are robust; possess distinctive reversible oxidation and reduction chemistry. As synthetic porphyrin chemistry is well developed and molecular orbital models accurately predict the electronic consequences of appending organic substituents and binding metal ions. Electronic properties of porphyrins can be tuned by chelation of a metal ion and substitution on the macrocycle that potentiates their use as wires, switches, transistors, junctions, and photodiodes. There are two notable early examples of supramolecular devices based on porphyrins, one as photo-gated ion conductors and another as memory device. Here, we have demonstrated molecular resonance tunneling diode and molecular rectifier based on porphyrin molecules. Resonance tunneling diode is constructed on a σ−π−σ molecular architecture, with a ‘quantum well (a Ï€ conjugated molecule “Porphyrinâ€)’ surrounded by tunnel barriers (σ alkyl chains), electro-grafted on H-terminated Si. These devices exhibited reversible, stable (up to 8 h of voltage scanning) and room temperature NDR (Negative Differential Resistance) effects. Molecular rectifier with donor-spacer-acceptor (D-s-A) structure, electro-grafted on H-terminated Si behaves as a diode. These devices showed RR (Rectification Ratio) up to 107 in reverse bias as a result of alignment of the LUMO levels of the molecules with the Fermi-levels of the electrodes.
Naumih Noah
United States International University Africa, Kenya
Title: Nano-based biosensor for detection of bilharzia
Biography:
Naumih Noah has a PhD in Analytical Bioanalytical Chemistry from the State University of New York at Binghamton. She is currently an Assistant Professor at the School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences in United States International University Africa located in Nairobi, Kenya. She has authored more than 10 papers in peer reviewed journals most of them on biosensors.
Abstract:
Bilharzia is one of the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), a group of chronic disabling infections affecting more than a billion people worldwide, mainly in Africa and mostly the poor. In Kenya, these NTDs affects more than 50% of the population fueling the vicious circle of poverty and stigma that leaves people unable to work, go to school, or participate in family and community life. Highly sensitive detection and accurate analysis is essential for the early detection, treatment, and management of these diseases. Current methods of detection rely on microscopic detection which is tedious, unreliable and suffers poor sensitivity. In this work, a nano-based immunosensor for early detection which rely on nano-immunological response between antibodies against bilharzia conjugated to nanoparticles and bilharzia antigen will be reported. The conjugation of the antibodies with nanoparticles combines the unique properties of the nanoparticles with the specific and selective recognition ability of the antibodies to antigens. The hybrid product has improved cellular uptake as well as the major intracellular stability and may show versatility and specificity with improved analytical signal important for rapid, sensitive and real-time point of care diagnosis. The work will report the use of screen printed electrodes for a potential development of a nano-device for point-of-care diagnostic of bilharzia.
Rostyslav Bilyy
Danylo Halysky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine
Title: Targeting glycocalyx of dying and pathological cells
Biography:
Rostyslav Bilyy, PhD, DrSci, heads the Immunology Laboratory of Danylo Halytky Lviv National Medical University and is a senior researcher of Institute of Cell Biology NAS of Ukraine. In 2007, he defended his PhD study on Cell Biology, Cytology and Histology devoted to alteration of cell plasma membrane at apoptosis. In 2012, he was honored a Docent degree from the Danylo Halytky Lviv National Medical University, and in 2015 he was awarded Habilitation in Cell Biology, Cytology and Histology. His major scientific discoveries include the establishing of mechanism underlying plasma membrane glycan modification at cell death, deciphering the pathways of apoptotic blebs formation with altered glycosylation.
Abstract:
Every eukaryotic cell is covered with a complex ensemble of glycans attached to both proteins and lipids of plasma membrane altogether comprising cell glycocalyx. Our recent studied demonstrated that cell death is accompanied with dramatical changes in glycocalyx content. One can target these changes for detection of dying cells & modulating immune response against them; moreover, some pathogens also utilize changes in cell glycocalx to penetrate host cells and colonize them. Apoptotic cells produce of two types of apoptotic cell-derived membranous vesicles (ACMV) (Bilyy, JBC, 2012), each bearing distinct glycosylation patterns, and they posses distinct role in the immune response and host-pathogen interactions. Formation of 2 types of ACMV are related to two active pathways of modification of glycocalyx in dying cells: a) caspase-dependent activation of plasma membrane-assosiated neuraminidases leads to the formation of desialylated glycoepitopes on ACMV originating from plasma membrane (PM); b) with the aim to compensate membrane surface loss due to apoptotic blebbing dying cells expose on their surface immature membranes of endoplasmic reticulum (ER), bearing a moiety of oligomannosidic glycans. PM-derived ACMV are usually big (>3µm) and contain nuclear material (histone and DNA), which actively translocates into the ACMV at the late stages of formation. ER-derived ACMV possess oligomannnosidic glycans, attributable to ER, that represent immunologically novel epitopes rapidly cleared by macrophages. Exposure of ACMV-contained nuclear material may support the formation of anti-nuclear (anti-histone and anti-DNA) antibodies in disorders, associated with impaired clearance, like SLE. At the same time adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) cells, causing uropthatogenic infections and Crohn’s disease, are known to utilize oligomannose-specific lectin FimH at the tip of their fimbriae to adhere to the host cells. Interaction of AIEC with host cells induces formation of ER-derived ACMV by the latter and fosters bacterial attachment to host cells and their colonization.
Lucian Baia
Babes-Bolyai University, Romania
Title: Highly porous based nanocomposites designed for ultrasensitive detection of environmental pollutants
Biography:
Lucian Baia earned his PhD degree in 2003 at the University of Würzburg, Germany. Since 2008, he works as Associate Professor at the Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Advanced Technologies at the Faculty of Physics of the Babes-Bolyai University. His current research focuses on the obtaining and characterization of porous and highly porous nanoarchitectures with controllable morphology and structure for environmental and biomedical applications. He is author or coauthor of more than 100 peer-reviewed publications (h-index: 19), three books, and three book chapters, 3 patent applications and is serving as Editorial Board Member for several scientific journals.
Abstract:
Aerogels are highly porous materials with a low density, large open pores, and a high inner surface area produced via sol-gel process followed by supercritical drying. Their unique morphological characteristics like pore volume, pore size distribution and connectivity, make them suitable for sensor applications. Our research activity in the last period was focused on designing such uniqe porous structures for improving their capability for ultrasensitive detection of environmental pollutants. In this respect, the first approach consisted in designing TiO2 aerogel-Au/Ag nanoparticles based materials for efficient detection by using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS), taking into consideration the great enhancement of the Raman signal that occurs after positioning a pollutant molecule on Au/Ag nanoscale-roughed surfaces, or in their proximity. The greatest performances related to the mentioned functionalities were acquired for the porous composites obtained by impregnating the titania gel with Au/Ag nanoparticles followed by supercritical drying, and the lowest detectable concentrations by SERS varied between 10-2 and 10-10 M, depending on the synthesis method, pollutant species and the excitation type, i.e. off and under resonant condition. The second approach is related to the obtaining of electrodes based on Bi doped carbon aerogels and xerogels, incorporated in a matrix of chitosan, and deposited on glassy carbon, for the ultrasensitive voltammetric detection of heavy metals like Pb(II) and Cd(II), and pharmaceuticals compounds. For this approach the detection limits were found to be between 10-8 and 10-13 M, depending on the pollutant type.
Vinod Kumar Gupta
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India
Title: New molecular imprinted voltammetric sensor for sensitive determination of ochratoxin A
Biography:
Vinod Kumar Gupta had obtained his PhD in Chemistry from the University of Roorkee (now Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee) Roorkee, India, in 1979. Since then, he is pursuing research at the same Institute and presently holding the position of Professor, Chemistry Department, at Indian Institute of technology Roorkee, Roorkee. He worked as a Post-doctoral fellow at University of Regensburg, Germany, in 1993 as an EC fellow and was DAAD visiting Professor at University of Chemnitz and Freie University of Berlin in 2002. He has published more than 500 research papers, many reviews and 4 books which fetched him more than 36,000 citations with h-index of 125. He was awarded the Indian Citation Laureate Award in 2004. His research interests include chemical sensors, waste water treatment, environmental and electro analytical chemistry. He has been an elected Fellow of the World Innovation Foundation (FIWF) since July 2004 and Fellow of the National Academy of Sciences (FNASc) since 2008.
Abstract:
In this report, a novel molecular imprinted voltammetric sensor based on silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) involved in a polyoxometalate (H3PW12O40, POM) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was presented for determination of ochratoxin A (OCH). The developed surfaces were characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) method. OCH imprinted GCE was prepared via electropolymerization process of 100 mM phenol as monomer in the presence of phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.0) containing 25 mM OCH. The linearity range and the detection limit of the method were calculated as 5.0×10-11-1.5×10-9 M and 1.6×10-11 M, respectively. The voltammetric sensor was applied to grape juice and wine samples with good selectivity and recovery. The stability of the voltammetric sensor was also reported.
Bhanu Neupane
Kathmandu Institute of Applied Sciences, Nepal
Title: Design of stimulated emission depletion microscope and applications on cell imaging
Biography:
Bhanu Neupane has completed his from Kansas State University, Kansas, USA and Postdoctoral studies from Biomedical Engineering Department, a joint Department of University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, North Carolina, USA. He is Research Scientist in Kathmandu Institute of Applied Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal. He has published more than 15 papers in reputed journals like Journal of American Chemical Society, Nano Letter, Nanoscale, Chemical Reveiws, Sensors, etc.
Abstract:
Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) microscopy is a powerful optical imaging tool that provides diffraction unlimited resolution down to few tenth of nanometers in cell and tissue samples. STED microscope can be built in different versions. In this paper, detail design of continuous wave STED microscope will be discussed. Such microscope shows excellent performance in resolving self assembly patterns of polymeric nanoparticles at various ionic strength conditions. The application of this microscope in resolving nanoscopic cytoskeleton protein structures in both fixed and live cells will be presented. Other potential applications of such microscope in cellular and tissue imaging will be discussed.
Giampaolo Zuccheri
University of Bologna, Italy
Title: Molecular self-assembly for signal enhancement in nucleic acids biosensors
Biography:
Some of the possible perspective advantages of the uptake of nucleic acids biosensor technology are already within reach, still, sometimes, limited sensitivity can seriously inhibit the application of biosensor-based detection methods when these could be useful towards detection of nucleic acids variants present only at a very low concentration. While in a research lab, this objective is achieved using complex but sensitive amplification techniques, such as PCR, or the deployment of sophisticated sensitive detection techniques, this goal might prove a prohibitive objective for point-of-need biosensors. Recently, through knowledge and capabilities developed within the field of DNA nanotechnology, means to implement very specific molecular recognition and signal enhancement methods have been presented that could prove of direct application for biosensor detection methods. We have adapted and attempted at using the hybridization chain reaction (HCR) towards enhancing the signal due to the specific recognition and binding of soluble nucleic acids to a surface-bound probe. The enhancement strategy consists in a triggered supramolecular polymerization of DNA sequences or nanostructures at the location of specific nucleic acids recognition. We have showed that the method can be used towards the detection of an arbitrary DNA target through proper design of the sequences of the components. Preliminary experimental evidence shows a significant enhancement of the signal, which could prove useful in some applications. We also proved that HCR can have single-nucleotide sensitivity for the detection and signal enhancement. We recently extended the application of HCR towards the detection of miRNA targets. This strategy is compatible with several detection techniques that can be implemented on a lab-on-chip, such as electrochemistry or surface plasmon resonance, while it can also be measured via fluorescence and luminescence, achieving higher detection sensitivity.
Abstract:
Giampaolo Zuccheri received his PhD in Chemistry from the University of Calabria, Italy, in 1998 and his degree in Industrial Chemistry cum laude from the University of Bologna, Italy. He has worked as a Research Assistant at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley, CA, U.S.A.) and at the Institute of Molecular Biology of the University of Oregon (USA). He holds a permanent faculty position at the University of Bologna (Italy) since 2002 where he now directs the Nanobiotechnology Laboratory of the Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies. He is coauthor of 45 papers in international peer reviewed journals and editor of two books.
Biography:
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Abstract:
Chronic diseases are becoming more prevalent, and the complexities of managing patients continue to escalate since their care must be balanced between the home and the clinical settings. Diabetes is the most advanced example where self-monitoring has been shown to be necessary. Glucometers are point-of-care (POC) devices that have become standard at home and clinical settings. Similarly, many other POC biosensors have also been developed. Enzymes are often used in these sensors because of their specificity and the reaction products can be electrochemically transduced for the measurement. When enzymes are immobilized to an electronically active substrate, the enzymatic reactions can be transduced by direct electron transport. This paper describes an approach for the development of graphene-based POC devices. This includes modifying enzymes for improved performance, developing methods to bind them to the graphene surface, incorporation of the functionalized graphene on a field-effect transistor (FET), and integration into a microfluidic device suitable for home use. This paper describes an approach for the development of a graphene-based POC biosensor platform using glucose as an example of target molecule.
Alok Prasad Das
Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, India
Title: Indigenous biodensor for rapid and low cost endotoxin detection system
Biography:
Alok Prasad Das has completed his PhD from CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology. He is presently working as Assistant Professor and Project Lead at Bioengineering Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. He has published more than 50 papers in reputed international and national journals, book chapter and conference proceeding and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of reputed journals.
Abstract:
Endotoxin is a signature molecule of gram-negative bacteria and is clinically significant as the agent of gram-negative sepsis, a disease condition with high mortality. Bacterial endotoxin infection induces multiple adverse biological effects including fever, sepsis, systemic organ failure, platelet aggregation and thrombocytopenia. This study describes an enzyme-substrate reaction using the distilled water lysate of the granular hemocytes (amebocytes) of the mangrove horseshoe crab (Tachypleus gigas), a native of the Bay of Bengal, and a chromogenic peptide which results in the production of yellow spectroscopically monitored product in the presence of endotoxin. The assay is complete within 30 minutes and shows a lower detection limit of 0.02 EU/mL. The novelty of our approach is the use of mangrove horseshoe crabs as the source of amebocyte lysate instead of the American horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus). The anticipated methodology offers advantages for the South Asian market that include a low cost due to use of indigenous reagents. This method shows exquisite sensitivity and provides a rapid assessment of LPS concentrations. We believe that the marketable advance of our methodology will reduce the cost of present endotoxin detection test as compared to the cost of present imported kits presently available in Asian and Indian market.
Liuz Pereira
University of Aveiro, Portugal
Title: Odor biosensors based on organic semiconductors towards low-cost health care diagnosis in gynecological diseases
Biography:
Luiz Pereira received his PhD (2000) in Physics at Unversity of Aveiro, Portugal, in Optical and Electrical Properties of Semiconducting Materials. Since 2001, he started working in organic-based devices and is Head of the Organic Semiconductors Laboratory at i3N. His interests covers OLEDs, organic photovoltaics and chemical/bio-sensors in diseases control. He is the author of a book about OLEDs and received a National Award for Innovation for his work in low-cost organic photovoltaics. He is author for more than 70 scientific journal and conference publications, 120 conference communications and 12 invited presentations. He is an Assistant Professor at the University of Aveiro.
Abstract:
In the past decades, we have seen a big development in sensor technology, which changed completely the way we interact with electronic devices and consequently our lifestyles. A promising application of sensors is in the area of medicine. Some biosensor can be able to detect and distinguish analytes for specific diseases. One of these types of devices are electronic noses. New e-noses were designed and developed in order to fulfill medical devices standards. Conductive polymer properties make them a good choice for cost effective and transportable e-noses. Although there are already a couple of commercial e-noses based on conductive polymers, they still have a big cost associated, and there is still a big research to improve their performance, considering the exigencies for medical devices. In this work, e-nose biosensors based on nanostructured PEDOT:PSS thin films as sensing material, in a carbon interdigitated electrodes configuration, was made and characterized. The focus was the detection of the two most important gynecological diseases, the Candidiasis and Lactobacillus. The sensors were made in low cost/high output systems, namely screen-printing and Roll-to-Roll process. The results, obtained by resistive and capacitive responses, allows, in a simple way, distinguish the normal and infected analytes for both diseases. Different sensor geometries was studied. The obtained data that can be easily processed, associated with the production technologies, opens a new framework in the wide spreading of health care/home care diagnosis.
Alok Pandya
Ahmedabad University, India
Title: Supramolecular nanoassembly as optical biosensing platform
Biography:
Alok Pandya has completed PhD from Department of Chemistry, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat (India) in 2013. He has worked on development of novel synthetic methodologies of supra-molecular nanoassembly for applications in sensing and catalysis. During Post-doc, he was involved in design, synthesis and development of lateral flow immunoassay based nanodevice for home based early diagnosis system for cardiac disease. He is recipient of Young Scientist Start Up Grant (DST-SERB) for the development of paper nanodevice for coronary heart disease. He has published 25 papers in high repute internationals journals and presented papers in internationals conference.
Abstract:
The principles and phenomena outlined within this talk is based on supramolecular nanochemistry which can lead to intricate and complex designs that form the heart of the many facets of supramolecular nanoassembly. Detection of chemical and biological agents plays a crucial role in medicinal field, forensic, agricultural, and environmental and electronics. Thus, the challenges in development of novel detection systems have been concerned with getting better the recognition process as well as designing pioneering assemblies. Supramolecular nanoassemblies provide novel systems for the pursuit of new recognition and transduction processes, as well as increasing the signal-to-noise ratio through efficiency of the system components. Thus, selective detection of biologically relevant molecule have enormously gained its attention due to involvement in variety of fundamental environmental and biological process in organism because its deficiency and excess can induce a variety of diseases. Therefore, biomolecule detection has received a great deal of study. Here, we have designed an efficient strategy using supramolecular nanoassembly to detect biologically relevant small molecules. In our method, we developed a microwave assisted new promising approach using Silver (Ag) and Gold (Au)nanoparticles (NPs) based colorimetric sensing system(ANCSS), which form calix[4]arene-functionalized Ag and Au nanoprobe complex (CX-AgNPs/AuNPs) for the detection of biologically relevant small molecules such as creatine, ferric ion and glucose in water. The key to the successful formation of this strategy is multi binding site of functionalized calix[4]arene which sensitively and selectively target to small molecules. The developed biosensor has been proved to be a simple, reliable and accurate method to assist towards point of care diagnostics.
Biography:
Ali A Ensafi was graduated in Chemistry (PhD) in 1991 in Analytical Chemistry from Shiraz University (Iran). Then, he joined the College of Chemistry at Isfahan University of Technology (Iran). He became Full Professor in 2001. He has H-index of 41 (Google scholar). He has published more than 350 ISI papers, and more than 150 international and/or national presentations. He is the Director of Center of Excellency in Sensors & Green Chemistry in Iran. He is Associate Editor of Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society (Springer publisher), and Editorial Board Member of 13 International Scientific Journals.
Abstract:
DNA is an important functional biomolecule, which has received considerable attention by researchers. The detection of DNA damage has become one of the most important themes in DNA research fields because of the crucial role of DNA in mutagenesis, carcinogenesis and aging. If the damaged DNA cannot be repaired properly, the caused gene mutation will result in cancer and tumor in DNA replication process. DNA electrochemical sensors are most likely to become the accurate, sensitive, and rapid detection method for the transgenic plant products. Drugs that intercalate into ds-DNA have been extensively studied, and the field has been recently reviewed using variety techniques. Different types of supports have been used to prepare highly sensitive and selective electrochemical and optical biosensors to detect DNA damage and/or to quantify some pharmaceuticals or chemical compounds at trace levels, using voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and fluorescence method. Moreover, several nanocompounds have been used to fabricate DNA biosensors, including carbon nanotubes, carbon nanotubes modified with chitosan, carbon nanotubes modified with highly positive organic compounds, carbon nanotubes modified with TiO2 nanoparticles, graphene modified with some nanoparticles and/or amino acid-modified clay. Moreover, single layer and/or layer-by-layer methods have been used to fabricate the biosensors too. As a probe or detection system, several methods have been used including monitoring the oxidation peaks of guanine and adenine, reduction or oxidation peaks of some organic molecules (when intercalate with DNA, such as methylene blue, acridine orange) as a probe at the biosensors surface and/or the impedance spectra of the biosensor.
Oguz Hanoglu
Istanbul Kemerburgaz University, Turkey
Title: Using nanogap in label-free impedance based electrical biosensors to overcome electrical double layer effect
Biography:
Oguz Hanoglu received his MS and BS degrees in Electrical Engineering from Bilkent University and Middle East Technical University respectively. He was the recipient of coveted Electron Devices Society Master's Fellowship for 2010. He did research on low-cost, portable, and highly sensitive nano-biosensors for label-free protein detection. He is currently a Lecturer in Istanbul Kemerburgaz University.
Abstract:
Point-of-care biosensor applications require low-cost and low-power solutions. They offer being easily accessible at home site. They are usable without any complex sample handling or any kind of special expertise. Impedance spectroscopy has been utilized for point-of-care biosensor applications; however, electrical double layer formed due to ions in the solution of interest has been a challenge, due to shielding of the electric field used for sensing the target molecules. In this presentation, we introduce a nanogap based biosensor structure with a relatively low frequency (1 kHz – 100 kHz) measurement technique, which not only eliminates the undesired shielding effect of electrical double layer but also helps in minimizing the measurement volume and enabling low concentration (µ molar level) detection of target molecules (streptavidin). Repeatability and sensitivity tests proved stable and reliable operation of the sensors. These biosensors might offer attributes such as low-cost label-free detection, fast measurement and monolithic chip integrability.
Biography:
Nikolay Dimov completed his PhD in microfluidics and MEMS-based technology from the University of Twente in 2011. Then, he joined the Biomedical Diagnostic Institute, where he developed on-disc devices for point-of-care diagnostics of meningitis and early detection of breast cancer from minuscule volumes of whole blood. Since 2013, he is investigating novel, on-chip applications for purification of active compounds and intensification of key operation downstream processes. Together with his colleagues at University College London, they engineered and integrated a microfluidic toolbox enabling fast characterization, monitoring and control of continuous downstream processing unit operations.
Abstract:
Extraction and filtration comprise major part of existing key operations in many recovery processes for biological materials throughout red biotech and sample preparation in point-of-need diagnostic devices. Advances in miniaturization allow for process intensification and on demand dissipation of unique technical solutions, which will revolutionize pharma and healthcare, as we know them. This seminar will focus on the means of control and actuation of fluid flows in microfluidics for purification of drug encapsulating liposomes and sample preparation from complex fluid. The first part of the presentation will touch upon continuous liposome synthesis and purification on bench-top scale. A train of microfluidic devices is presented that facilitates tailored synthesis of liposome vesicles for drug delivery applications. In the second part of the seminar a mechanism for intrinsic flow control on a rotating disc will be shown. Novel valve technology enables built-in actuation and release of reagents in consecutive, programmable manner with predefined controllable timing. This technology is used for the extraction of RNA from samples of whole blood that are spiked with E.coli or MCF-7 cells, breast cancer cell line, to mimic patient samples. At final, diagnostics strategy is discussed using those purified samples. These examples demonstrate advances of flow actuation and miniaturization of laboratory unit operations for recovery of biological samples.
Biography:
A biosensor is a promising device, which is combination of sensitivity of electrochemistry and specificity of biological recognition, enables to detect any kind of molecules in a short time with selectively and sensitively. Likewise, many analytical methods, it has also limitations, such as high oxidation potentials lead to detection of non-target molecules, furthermore non-electroactive species cannot show electroactive signal for measurement or some biomolecules cannot be transformed by enzymes, even if they can be transformed, they require secondary molecules such as mediators, coenzymes or labels. In order to detect molecules without electrochemical reaction, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) can be employed as a measurement technique “to see electrode surface modifications just by looking impedance curvesâ€. As it is known, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is an electrochemical technique that provides the examination of electrical properties of electrode surface and binding kinetics of molecules between electrolyte and electrode surface. Therefore, it can be used for biomolecular recognition, biomolecular bindings and biomolecular interactions between molecules such as DNA-DNA, DNA-protein, Receptor-Ligand, Protein-Ligand, Antibody-Antigen, and Ion Channels-Ligands. As a consequence of this affinity provides label-free detection without chemical transformation and this binding property can be monitored by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy expeditiously.
Abstract:
Zihni Onur Uygun has completed his MSc in Analytical Chemistry from Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University and changed his major to Medical Biochemistry studies to Ege University School of Medicine. He is a Researcher at Ege University Faculty of Medicine, and is a Principal Investigator of a company, which produces point of care biosensors for medical applications. He has published 4 papers, and 3 book chapters.
Nahla Abdelshafi
Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und –prüfung, Germany
Title: Immunosensor for drug monitoring using voltammetry
Biography:
Nahla Abdelshafi is a third-year PhD student at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Associate Fellow at School of Analytical Sciences in Adlershof (SALSA). She presented several posters in international conferences and recently won the poster presentation award at the BBMEC11 conference in Regensburg.
Abstract:
Cocaine is a stimulant, addictive and illicit substance which can be detected in urine, saliva and even on banknotes. Immunoassay based on the strong and selective antibody-antigen interaction is considered an analytical technique with high potential. Electrochemical detection methods are increasingly used with immunoassays as they offer some advantages of being simple, cheap, and portable. Assay integration on microfluidic chip platforms offers additional advantages including small sample and reagent volumes and fast analysis time allowing for flow injection analyses with high levels of throughput and automation providing a sensor-type platform. An electrochemical immunosensor for cocaine screening, especially in roadside testing but also in epidemiological studies (e.g. drugs in wastewater, drugs on banknotes) was developed. The immunosensor is based on using magnetic beads as antibody carriers in a microfluidic platform. The calibration curve was plotted as 4-parameter logistic fit non-linear relationship between cocaine concentrations and the applied potential peak. The assay showed high sensitivity with a detection limit of 14 ng/L of cocaine. The effect of salts, acids and bases on the detection method was investigated, where the presence of ions affected the redox reaction and converted the system from quasi-reversible to reversible. A drug screening application (cocaine on banknotes) showed 100% contamination of the Euro banknotes in Germany with contamination ranging from 60 ng/note to 1.1 mg/note. The results demonstrated that an electrochemical microfluidic immunoassay could provide a fast, inexpensive, portable and suitable sensor platform in practical application.
Amy Jiffy
Vellore Institute of Technology, India
Title: Magnetic nanoparticle based disease detection system
Biography:
Amy Jiffy has completed her Bachelor’s degree in Biomedical Engineering from Calicut University and currently pursuing her Master’s degree in engineering from Vellore Institute of Technology in Sensor System Technology.
Abstract:
Magnetic nanoparticle based disease detection system: It is a technique used to bring disease detection to the point of care diagnosis. This technique involves the use of magnetic nanoparticles that are conjugated with the detection antibodies. The blood sample to be tested will be allowed to interact with these magnetic nanoparticles. Detection of disease is dependent on the magnetic field change that happens after the blood-nanoparticle interaction. The sample without disease causing antigens will have no nanoparticles after washing, since they will not be bound to each other. The sample will contain nanoparticles that will induce a certain magnetic field, if infected with disease. The so induced magnetic field is the detection parameter. Hall sensor is used to sense this magnetic field. More the magnetic field, more the antibodies present in the blood resulting in higher intensity of disease. The work aims to display the amount of antibodies present in the sample. The system can be further developed by hybridizing fluorescence based optic sensing system and improve the reliability.
Abdelilah Chtaini
Université Félix Houphouët Boigny de Cocody, Côte d’Ivoire
Title: Electro analytical method for detection of bacteria using amoxicillin modified carbon paste electrode: Analytical application in milk
Biography:
Prof/Dr. Abdelilah Chtaini has received his PhD in Poitiers (France) University during the period of1988 to 1993 currently, he is working as Professor. In Sultan Moulay Slimane (Morocco) University. He has successfully completed his Administrative responsibilities as Director of Research, Chtaini A, has participated in several workshops and conferences; Chtaini A research interests are Industrial Engineering, Materials Engineering.
Abstract:
Prof/Dr. Abdelilah Chtaini has received his PhD in Poitiers (France) University during the period of1988 to 1993 currently, he is working as Professor. In Sultan Moulay Slimane (Morocco) University. He has successfully completed his Administrative responsibilities as Director of Research, Chtaini A, has participated in several workshops and conferences; Chtaini A research interests are Industrial Engineering, Materials Engineering.
Qingan Xiao
National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan
Title: Measuring the impossible: History and future
Biography:
Qingan Xiao is the founder of GR Integration, which focuses on the solutions for personal and social health. He tried to present a new mechanism to interpret the relationship among free will, order and chaos for the purpose of universal health.
Abstract:
The most amazing thing for scholars is that you assert that you understand the nature of the world and could define its past and future although you know nothing about the nature of the quantum. Technological advancements have broadened human beings’ capability, which improved our lives greatly. Even climate change would influence our economy and slow down the speed for elimination of poverty, we could find ways to build a better world. The key lies in the change of the priority from development in current age to public healthcare in the future earth (especially in China). Many biosensors and simple effective methods are designed for the early diagnosis or prevention for diseases, but in the background of big-data, super AI and wealth concentration, health problem has become a complicated transdisciplinary research and we should afford integrated solutions by STEEPLE analysis. To realize them, we need novel elements, gotten by a survey of the history from a quantum level and measuring the future.
Zhao Xing-Zhong
Wuhan University, P. R. China
Title: From circulating tumor cells to Fetal Nucleated Red Blood Cells (FNRBCs)
Biography:
Zhao Xing-Zhong is a Cheung Kong Professor of Physics at Wuhan University in China. He received his BS and MS degrees at Department of Physics of Wuhan University in 1982 and 1985 respectively, and his PhD at Department of Material Physics at University of Science Technology Beijing in 1989. From March, 1990 to March, 1995, he worked as Assistant and Associate Professor at Department of Materials Science and Engineering of Huazhong (Central China) University of Science and Technology. From April, 1995 to August, 1998 he worked as an adjunct Associate Professor and Post doctorate research fellow at Materials Research Laboratory of the Pennsylvania State University with Professors Rustum Roy, Eric L. Cross and Q. M. Zhang on hydrothermal synthesis of diamond, piezoelectric ceramics/polymer composite, and ferroelectric P(VDF-TrFE) copolymer. From March to August, 2006, he visited MIT as a senior visiting scientist. His research interests now encompass the solid state electrolyte dye sensitized solar cell，perovskite solar cells and microfluidics based enriching and isolation of circulating tumor cells and fetal nucleated red blood cells for biomedical analysis and diagnosis and related applications.
Abstract:
Fetal nucleated red blood cells are special cells only existed in the peripheral blood of pregnant woman and fetus. This talk start from brief introduction of microfluidics development, then summarizing the basic principle and procedure used in the FDA approved product CellSearchTM and its subsequent developments in circulating tumor cells isolation, followed by the research in our group on the capturing, analyzing of the circulating tumor cells from cancer patients and fetal nucleated red blood cells from the peripheral blood of pregnant women and their immunofluorescent assay.
Biography:
Pretty Mary Abraham has completed her PhD in the year 2010 from Molecular Neurobiology and Cell Biology Unit, Centre for Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kerala, India. She joined for her Postdoctoral studies at Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. She has published about 14 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member for some journals. She joined as a Postdoctoral scholar at the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL. Her worked focused on “Role of B cells and immune mechanisms in autoimmune neuropathyâ€.
Abstract:
Introduction: Diabetes and stress stimulate hippocampal 5-HT synthesis, metabolism and release. Objective: Study was conducted to see the prevalence, the adverse effects of stress, etiology and course of the diabetes through serotonergic system. Methods: Hippocampal concentrations of 5-HT and 5-HIAA using HPLC, 5-HT through 5HT2A receptor binding, 5-HTT and INSR gene expression using real-time PCR and immunohistochemical studies using confocal microscope was carried out. Behavioural studies using elevated-plus maze was also done. Results: 5-HT content showed a significant decrease (p<0.001) and a significant increase (p<0.001) in 5-HIAA in hippocampus of diabetic rats compared to control. 5-HT receptor binding parameters Bmax and Kd showed a significant decrease (p<0.001) whereas 5-HT2A receptor binding parameters Bmax showed a significant decrease (p<0.001) with an increase (p<0.05) in Kd of diabetic rats compared to control. Gene expression studies of 5-HT2A, 5-HTT and INSR in hippocampus showed a significant down regulation (p<0.001) in diabetic rats compared to control. Pyridoxine treated with insulin and A. marmelose to diabetic rats reversed the 5-HT content, Bmax, Kd of 5-HT, 5-HT2A and gene expression of 5-HT2A, 5-HTT and INSR in hippocampus to near control. Gene-expression of 5-HT2A and 5-HTT were confirmed by immunohistochemical studies. Behavioural studies using elevated plus maze showed that serotonin through its transporter significantly increased (p<0.001) anxiety-related traits in diabetic rats which were corrected by combination therapy. Conclusion: Results suggest that pyridoxine treated in combination with insulin and A. marmelose has a role in the regulation of insulin synthesis and release, normalising diabetic related stress and anxiety through hippocampal serotonergic function. This has clinical significance in the management of diabetes.
- Biosensors
Types of Biosensors
Bioinstrumentation & Equipments
BioMEMS/NEMS
Nanotechnology in Biosensors
Transducers in Biosensors
Chair
Subrayal M Reddy
University of Central Lancashire, UK
Co-Chair
Valery Pavlov
Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biomateriales CIC biomaGUNE, Spain
Session Introduction
Dario Mager
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany
Title: eDisc – Getting 21st century technology into lab on disc applications
Time : 14:05 - 14:25
Biography:
Dario Mager has studied Microsystem technology (MEMS) at the University of Freiburg. He also obtained his PhD there in the field functional inkjet printing for the direct manufacturing of microstructures. Currently, he is a group leader at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in the field of low-cost MEMS where he is focusing on the modification of existing technology to suit new biosensors applications. Mainly using technology adapted system designs for functional inkjet printing and embedded systems.
Abstract:
Lab on a Disc (LoaD) analysis has seen an incredible increase in possible applications and an improvement in quality over the last decade. It allows for testing of a vast variety of features. It has become so successful and reliable that global players have developed products based on LoaD technology for the market. Nearly all these devices, both lab equipment as well as commercial products have in common, that they are based on a purely passive rotating disc and stationary biosensors and actuator components. This approach has three major disadvantages: 1. it requires highly sensitive and powerful sensors and actuators, placed at a distance from the disk and while the disc is spinning these components only have access to the region of interest for short periods, 2) there is no real continuous online monitoring and hence also not a real feedback control of the disc and predefined recipes need to be performed, and 3) Primarily analog electromagnetic signals can be transferred on and off the disc. This is comparable to central heating in houses, where a central oven is switched on and off, and the room temperature is set by setting valves to experience-based positions. House automation based on embedded systems and smart actuators is currently changing this situation at a drastic rate, converting the house from a passive shelter into a highly interactive environment. Based on similar principles, LoaD can profit from the multitude of MEMS sensors and actuators as well as on the computational power available in embedded systems today.
Subrayal M Reddy
University of Central Lancashire, UK
Title: Smart materials:Advances in protein-based molecularly imprinted polymer biosensing
Time : 14:25 - 14:45
Biography:
Subrayal M Reddy completed his PhD from University of Manchester and Postdoctoral studies from University of Wales. He was Lecturer and then Senior Lecturer at the University of Surrey (1998-2015) and has recently taken up an academic position at the University of Central Lancashire (2016). He has published more than 50 papers in reputed peer-reviewed journals and has given numerous invited international conference talks.
Abstract:
Hydrogel-based molecularly imprinted polymers (HydroMIPs) were prepared for several proteins using a family of acrylamide-based monomers. We report HydroMIP binding affinities, in terms of equilibrium dissociation constants (Kd) within the micro-molar range (25±4 µM, 44±3 µM and 17±2 µM for haemoglobin, myoglobin and catalase respectively within a polyacrylamide-based MIP). We have used atomic force spectroscopy to characterize molecular interactions in the MIP cavities using protein-modified AFM tips. Our force data suggest that we have produced selective cavities for the template protein in the MIPs and we have been able to quantify the extent of non-specific protein binding on, for example, a NIP control surface. For the first time, we have also coded the MIPs with a covalently-bound redox tag in order to elicit a direct electrochemical signal in the event of selective protein binding. GC and SPE probes were used for signal transducers and imprinting determination. Co(II)-complex-based MIPs exhibited 92±1% specific binding with protein binding capacities of 5.7±0.45 mg BSA/g polymer and imprinting factors (IF) of 14.8±1.9 (MIP/ non-imprinted (NIP) control). The selectivity of our Co(II)-coded BSA MIPs were also tested using bovine haemoglobin (BHb), lysozyme (Lyz), and trypsin (Tryp). In summary, MIP technologies could provide an inexpensive, fast, and efficient diagnostic biosensor platform highly sensitive, in-situ analysis of biologicals for both environmental and biomedical applications. The author acknowledges UKIERI (IND/CONT/R/12-13/779), the British Council and DST (India) and NERC and RSC_ACTF (NE/J01/7671) for funding this project.
Valery Pavlov
Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biomateriales CIC biomaGUNE, Spain
Title: Enzymatic synthesis and etching in situ of gold and semiconductor nanoparticles in biosensing
Time : 14:45 - 15:05
Biography:
Valeri Pavlov obtained a PhD degree in Chemical Engineering in January 2005 from the University Rovira i Virgili, Spain. He worked in the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel, in the group of Professor Itamar Willner as a Post-doctoral researcher. Since October 2006 he continued his Post-doctoral study at the Chemistry Department of University of Heidelberg, Germany. In February 2007, he joined the new research center CIC Bioma- GUNE in San Sebastian as a group leader. His research interests include enzymatic generation of metal and semiconductor nanoparticles, production of new recombinant mutated enzymes and optical bioanalytical assays.
Abstract:
Fluorogenic enzymatic assays are based on the biocatalytic cleavage of bonds between presynthesized organic fluorescent molecules or fluorescent semiconductor nanoparticles, so called quantum dots (QDs) and quenching moieties. They suffer from insufficient quenching of fluorophores by quenchers resulting in high background signals. We pioneered assays relying on biocatalytic formation of CdS QDs with low background signals, higher quantum yield, reduced photo-bleaching and lower costs. The diameter (2-3nm) of the resulting SNPs is controlled by the nature of capping agents. We discovered a facile, mild and inexpensive enzymatic etching method for resizing of CdS QDs. It was found out that the biocatalytic process involving bromide, Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) and H2O2 decreased the size of semiconductor CdS QDs. Thus, this phenomenon can be applied to resizing of semiconductor CdS QDs under mild physiological conditions and rapid and sensitive detection of H2O2 and HRP It was proven that CdS QDs immobilized on polyvinyl chloride microspheres can be etched biocatalytically too. We discovered for the first time that HRP is able to produce free radicals which oxidize gold nanorods (AuNRs) and semiconductor QDs. We introduced novel bio-analytical assays based on enzymatic etching of inorganic nanoparticles. HRP is able to induce a gradual oxidation of the AuNRs in the presence of trace concentrations of H2O2 and halide ions. As a consequence, other enzymatic reactions, carried out by Glucose Oxidase (GOx) can be easily coupled to the HRP activity assay, thereby allowing for the detection of different amounts of glucose.
Rodica Elena Ionescu
University of Technology of Troyes, France
Title: Acoustic and plasmonic biosensors for the detection of different classes of (bio)molecules
Time : 15:05 - 15:25
Biography:
Rodica Elena Ionescu earned one PhD from the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel (2004) and a second PhD from the University of Bucharest, Romania (2007). Since 2009, she is an Associate Professor at UTT, France. Between, April 2014 to March 2015, she was invited to manage and conduct electrochemistry research in the frame of a POC 002-026-NRF 2013 project at the Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. Her research activities include biosensors, functionalization of surfaces, synthesis of nanoparticles and their toxicity to living microorganisms. She is co-author of 7 patents, over 40 peer-reviewed manuscripts and 5 book chapters.
Abstract:
Biosensors have attracted a considerable interest since the last decade. The ongoing research effort consists of developing analytical systems for multi-detection purpose, in order to reduce the time of analysis and the volume of required samples. Such goal can be achieved with the help of multiplexed detection of biomolecules. The presentation will discuss the fabrication of micro-structures on glass substrate which can be used for acoustic biosensors and the preparation of gold nanoparticles for high efficient optical detection based biosensors. The acoustic biosensor is based on Quartz Crystals Microbalance (QCM) for which the upper electrode of the quartz has been micro-structured by gold evaporation through a commercial TEM grid. Thus, several structures can be independently bio-functionalized and further used for the sequential detection of different analytes (eg. atrazine and carbofuran) by monitoring the decay of frequency of the whole quartz structure. The optical biosensor is based on Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) detection. This mode of detection is generated by light when it interacts with conductive nanoparticles that are smaller than the incident wavelength. Herein are presented several easy-to-prepare protocols for tuning LSPR wavelength of NPs over the ultraviolet to near-IR region. Well-organized nanoparticles are created by high-annealing temperatures over glass substrates covered by evaporation of mono- or bi-metallic thin layers. Each NPs protocol is investigated for its LSPR performances in sensitive detection of biomolecules (proteins, DNA, pesticides, etc.).
Vladimir Moshkin
Sib-STRIM" LLC Russia
Title: New ultra-sensitive measurement method in ampere- and voltammetry
Time : 15:25 - 15:45
Biography:
Vladimir Moshkin graduated from the Tomsk Polytechnic University (1977) and Post-graduate studies (1990) with a degree in Electrical Measurements. He participated in the development of popular Russian electrochemical analyzers TA-2 and TA-7 (“Technoanalyt” LLC, Tomsk, Russia). Now, he is the Director of "Sib-STRIM" LLC. He has several Russian publications on electrochemical measurements of signals and is the author of several inventions.
Abstract:
A new method of forming an electrochemical signal can significantly increase measurement sensitivity at low hardware cost. A unique feature of the method is the use of capacitive current as an information component, while in the classical pulsed methods capacitive current is interference. The method is based on the inclusion of high-speed current switch circuit which provides a predetermined period and duration of current interrupt. Main properties thus obtained signal is founded. It is shown, that for a large ratio of time the switch was open to a time closed state theoretical gain of sensitivity is equal to this ratio. Practically achievable values of opening and closing times allow to reach the increasing of sensitivity up to several hundreds. The resulting pulse signal (switching current) has good noise immunity, it can be used even in unsteady conditions such as vibration of the working electrode. The conditions of linearity of the switching current vs. the concentration of the element is determined. It is shown that the proposed method organically allows along with the current measurement to measure both resistance and capacitance of the double layer of electrochemical cell. The authors use the proposed method for several years to determine the number of elements: Fe(III), Cu(II), Cr(III), Cr(VI), Ir(IV), etc., both in chronoamperometry and in voltammetry modes. Practical achieved sensitivity for Fe(III) is not above 1 nM / dm3 (50 ng / dm3) using the general-purpose base of components. It is noted that the use of this approach for cells with ultramicroelectrodes is a perspective.
Lingwen Zeng
Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology, China
Title: Nucleic acid biosensors for the detection of heavy metal ions
Time : 16:00 - 16:20
Biography:
Lingwen Zeng has received his PhD degree in Genetics from McMaster University, Canada in 1993. From 1994 to 1997, he had his Postdoctoral training in the University of Chicago, USA. He has then worked in three publicly traded companies (Quest Diagnostics Inc, Scios Inc and Genetics Computer Group Inc) in USA as a Research Scientist and Project Manager. He has returned to China in 2001 and joined Institute of Environmental and Food Safety, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology in 2015 as a Principle Investigator and Director General. His research focuses on exploring novel technologies in the areas of diagnosis for human diseases, food and environmental safety and stem cell research.
Abstract:
Heavy metal ions (such as Hg2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, etc.) are widespread pollutants with distinct toxicological profiles that can cause deleterious effects on human health and the environment even at low concentrations. Thus, routine detection of trace amounts of heavy metal ions with high sensitivity is central for environmental monitoring. Conventional methods including cold vapor atomic absorption spectroscopy (CV-AAS), cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (CV-AFS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) have been widely used for heavy metal ion detection. Although they offer high sensitivity and accuracy, those analytical techniques require expensive and sophisticated instrumentation, skilled personnel and time-consuming sample pretreatment processes, which limit their wide applications in routine measurements. Thus, it is highly desirable to develop on-site biosensors for heavy metal ion detection without instrumentation. In our lab, we focus on developing nucleic acid biosensors for heavy metal ion detection using DNAyzmes, aptamers, and G-quadruplex as the molecular recognition elements. Employing colorimetric analysis, lateral flow strip biosensor, glucometer readout, and fluorescence detector as the sensing platform, our proposed biosensors would be promising strategies for heavy metal ion detection which offer prominent advantages of improved sensitivity, convenience and no need for the washing and separation steps during on-site applications.
Ji-Yen Cheng
Research Center for Applied Sciences, Taiwan
Title: LumiSense - A portable water pollutant monitoring system using whole cell array
Time : 16:20 - 16:40
Biography:
Ji-Yen Cheng received his PhD degree in Chemistry Department of National Taiwan University. After graduation in 1998, he then started his Post-doc research on the DNA microarray in Institute of Biomedical Sciences in Academia Sinica Taiwan. In 2001 he became an Assistant Researcher in Research Center for Applied Sciences in Academia Sinica and was promoted to research fellow in 2013. His research interest is in the biological applications of microfluidics. Some specific topics include the following: Cell response in weak DC EF (electrotaxis)/ Rapid prototyping of microfluidic biochip using laser micromachining/ nanostructure biosensor/ and portable whole-cell sensor.
Abstract:
Whole cell sensors have been proposed as a powerful tool to detect class-specific toxicants based upon their biological activity and bioavailability. A whole cell sensor uses live cells as the sensing elements for harmful chemicals. In this talk, I will demonstrate a robust toxicant detection platform based on a whole cell sensor array biochip (LumiChip). LumiChip harbors an integrated temperature control and a 16-member sensor array, as well as a simple but highly efficient lens-free bioluminescence collection setup. On LumiChip, samples are infused in an oxygen-permeable microfluidic flow channel to reach the biosensor array. Time-lapse changes in the bioluminescence emitted by the array members are measured on a single linear charge-coupled device (CCD) commonly used in commercial industrial process control or in barcode readers. Removal of the protective window on the linear CCD allowed lens-free direct interfacing of LumiChip to the CCD surface for high numerical aperture measurement. Bioluminescence induced by simulated contamination events was detected within 15 to 45 minutes. The portable LumiSense system utilizing the linear CCD in combination with the miniaturized Lumichip is a promising potential platform for on-site water pollutant monitoring.
Mahnaz M Abdi
University Putra, Malaysia
Title: Conducting polymer composite based on nano-cellulose for biosensing application
Time : 16:40 - 17:00
Biography:
Mahnaz M Abdi received her PhD in Material Chemistry from University Putra Malaysia, 2010. She was with Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, UPM as a Post-doctoral fellow and continued her career as a researcher at the Luleå University of Technology (LTU), Lulea, Sweden. She currently works as senior lecturer/research associate at University Putra Malaysia. Her research focused on nanocomposite materials from conducting polymers/biopolymers and their application in sensors, biosensors and corrosion protection. Her research is mainly funded by SciencFund and FRGS.
Abstract:
Application of conducting polymers of polypyrrole and polyaniline-cellulose nanocrystal based composite as electron-transfer pathways in enzyme electrodes was investigated. Polypyrrole-cellulose nanocrystal (PPy-CNC)-based composite as a novel immobilization membrane was prepared by chemical polymerization. Modified electrodes were prepared based on drop casting of nanocomposite suspension on the screen printed electrode (SPE) surface following by GOx immobilization. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images showed the porous structure of the nanocomposite with large surface area which could accommodate a large quantity of enzyme and allow the rapid diffusion of the active enzyme into the sensing membrane. The electrochemical and DPV responses of the GOx for glucose biosensor detection were examined in detail. The anodic current (Ip) in the voltammogram of the modified electrode prepared from PPy-CNC showed higher value compare to modified electrode prepared from pure polymer indicating CNC enhanced electron transferring and biosensor performance. The modified glucose biosensor exhibits a high sensitivity (ca. 0.73 μA•mM−1), with a dynamic response ranging from 1.0 to 20 mM glucose. The modified glucose biosensor exhibits a limit of detection (LOD) of (50 ± 10) µM and also excludes interfering species, such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and cholesterol, which makes this sensor suitable for glucose determination in real samples. This sensor displays an acceptable reproducibility and stability over time. The current response was maintained over 95% of the initial value after 17 days, and the current difference measurement obtained using different electrodes provided a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 4.47%.